In terms of getting a job at the Fed, they mostly hire folks right out of school as they like to home grow their future leaders. That might be changing it now given that the current president Tim Geither was hired from the IMF and not home grown.
To work in the Markets Group, most folks in senior analyst positions have a master’s degree from Columbia (SIPA not MBA) and other public policy programs. There are some MBAs around from Columbia, Yale, NYU. If you don’t have one of these, you should have a master’s in economics or something comparable. Having an economics degree or a demonstrated interest in public policy is important to work in the Markets group. Writing skills are also super important as this Group publishes topical studies for the US Treasury. Be aware that some positions require you to work one week a month at 4 am in the morning. This is so that you can publish something on asia/europe in time for the afternoon.
If you are young and just got your bachelor’s degree and starting your CFA studies, you might be a ‘rotational analyst’ in the Markets Group. Here you rotate through six month assignments (FX, repos, capital markets, etc.) Most folks are top students fresh out of school (22 to 28 years old). They usually quite to get there master’s degree at a top ten MBA program (revolving door). It’s tough to get in so ivy credentials or straight A students should only apply.
To work in Bank Supervision, you will most likely follow a bank examiner track where you take a lot courses and get certified. A few of these folks have CFA charters but most are just old guys who’ve been doing this stuff since the 1970s(dinosaurs). You don’t need a master’s degree in Bank Sup but an interest to be a bank examiner is key.
To be in research (real research), you have got to have a Phd from some top flight university as they do the forecast for the FOMC meetings. I’ve been at many presentations.
Deborah Alvardo is the HR recruiter if you want to send a direct resume. A cover letter and a writing sample demonstrating your ‘research/writing’ skills would be advantage.
Good luck