With TIPS, the principal is adjusted to the CPI while the coupon rate is constant.
The coupon rate is constant, but generates a different amount of interest when multiplied by the CPI adjusted principal - protecting the holder against inflation.
With deflation, the coupon rate is constant but will generate a lower amount of interest when multipled by the adjusted principal - thus not protecting the holder against deflation. When TIPS mature, you are paid the adjusted principal or original principal, whichever is greater. So, principal is partially protected from deflation.
Hope this helps.